San Luis Potosí city Origin, History, and Meaning of its Name
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Why is this city Called like That?
The name San Luis Potosí is composed of two parts with distinct and fascinating origins. To begin, the first part, “San Luis,” is given in honor of Saint Louis IX, the saint and King of France (born in Poissy in 1215 and who died in Tunis in 1270, due to the plague).
Son of King Louis VIII and Queen Blanche of Castile, Louis IX ascended to the throne in 1226 while still a child, so his mother ruled as regent. His mother’s profound religious influence led him to dedicate himself to Catholic principles.
Biographers of this monarch state that: “He brought a sense of justice and Catholic ethics to his politics. He extended justice to the jurisdictions of feudal lords. He created Crown inspectors to control the abuses of his officials. He eradicated duels. He fought gambling and prostitution. He minted currency and founded the Sorbonne University, among many other achievements.”
He participated in the last two crusades against Islam. In the first, he left the government to his mother while he lost his army in Egypt (1248-52). In the second, unfortunately, he died of the plague while attempting to convert the Sultan of Tunis.
Given his subordination to the Papacy and his obedience to the Catholic faith, Saint Louis IX was canonized in 1297 by Boniface VIII. This man of faith, full of qualities, however, also ordered the killing of thousands of men and expanded his territory by force of arms.
This was the saint chosen by the founders in 1592. The dedication to the saint is also due to the then Viceroy, Don Luis II de Velasco, and to one of the discoverers of gold and silver mines, Don Luis de Leija, which answers the query about the full name.
The Meaning of the Second Part of the Name
The second part of the name, “Potosí,” has an origin related to mining wealth. The first founding of what is this city now was carried out with Tlaxcalteca settlers in the current Plaza de Fundadores, where there was a spring. This happened on August 25, Saint Louis IX’s Day. Days later, on November 3, the official founding by the Spanish took place in the same location.
These settlements were initially organized into a Spanish villa and seven indigenous neighborhoods:
- Tlaxcalilla (where the Tlaxcaltecas settled).
- Santiago (where the Huachichiles settled).
- San Cristóbal del Montecillo (Tlaxcaltecas).
- Barrio de San Sebastián (assigned to Purépecha families).
- San Miguelito (for Tlaxcalteca and Purépecha families).
- San Juan de Guadalupe (Tlaxcaltecas).
- Tequisquiapan (Tlaxcaltecas).
The Spanish villa was initially named “San Luis de Mesquitique,” and later “San Luis Real de Minas del Potosí.” The title of City was properly granted until 1650, by its first Mayor and Chief Justice, Don Juan de Oñate, who drew the city’s plan.
The Name Change to “Potosí” and its Meaning
It was during the viceroyalty of Don Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, Duke of Alburquerque, that the change from “Pueblo y Minas del Potosí” to city was granted on May 30, 1656. At this time, the name “Mesquitique” was changed to “Potosí.”
This change was made in reference to the vast wealth of the mines of Cerro de San Pedro, comparing them to the famous and rich mines of Potosí in Bolivia. Hence the complete meaning of its name: a combination of the tribute to King Saint Louis IX and the allusion to the great mining wealth, similar to that of Bolivian Potosí.
Thus, November 3 is an important day for the “potosinos,” as they celebrate the founding of their city (1593) in honor of a French king and a Bolivian mine.
What is this place Known For?
Beyond the meaning of the name and its rich history, the city is known today for its architectural beauty, its beautiful buildings, houses, and churches. And, according to our experience, the best thing about the city is the kindness with which we were treated by its people.
